One of the deadly type of cancer now adays is cancer of the liver (Cirrhosis of the Liver ) it is called hardening of the liver. Through my research from my nursing books and what i have learned in the school , Im gonna post this disease sign and symptoms and nursing mangement.
- Laennec's Portal cirrhosis- due to alcoholism
- postnecrotic cirrhosis -scar tissue due to acute viral hepatitis
- biliary cirrhosis- case of chronic biliary obstruction and infection (cholangitis)
Signs and Symptoms:
- loss of appetite
- nausea and vomiting
- low grade fever
- jaundice
- later symptoms are;
- obstruction of portal circulation, liver cannot function,so spleen and gastrointestinal affected and apt to diarrhea and constipation
- weight loss
- ascitis appear
- jaundice
- internal hemorrhage
Nursing management :
- careful attention to patient
- measure intake and output and recorded daily
- bed rest and turn side to side to avoid pneumonia and bed sores
- diet should high protein diet supplemented by Vitamin B complex and A, C, & K
- encourage to eat at least small 3 times a day
- oral hygiene for nausea and vomiting
- Increase fluid intake to replace fluid loss during diarrhea
- jaundice should bath without soap to avoid skin irritation
- edema should lower sodium intake and carefully record intake & output daily
- ascitis- ristrick sodium, elevate head to facilitate breathing
- for hemorrhage manefestation like epistaxis, petechia and bleeding gum
- avoid trauma
- safe environmentcareful toothbrushing to avoid trauma of the gums
- loose clothing
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